ATG1 — Candida albicans

Summary

C4_04450C_A (ATG1, CaATG1) on Candida albicans chromosome 4 encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) with an ATG1-like domain and a protein kinase domain. The gene is associated with autophagy regulation, including macroautophagy, mitophagy, ER-phagy, and the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway. It is linked to cellular responses to nitrogen and potassium starvation, oxidative stress, and xenobiotic stimuli, as well as to filamentous growth, biofilm formation, and protein phosphorylation. The encoded protein localizes to the phagophore assembly site (PAS), phagophore membrane, and vacuole membrane contact sites. Phenotypic associations include abnormal colony size, delayed autophagy and mitophagy, decreased cell cycle progression, increased necrotic cell death, and altered vacuolar transport and distribution. Studies of related genes in other species link them to nitrogen and sugar content traits.