KEX2 — Aspergillus nidulans FGSC A4

Summary

The Aspergillus nidulans gene AnKEX2 (ANIA_03583, chromosome 2) encodes a serine-type endopeptidase of the kexin/furin family, containing a P/Homo B domain and a peptidase S8 subtilisin-related domain. It is associated with protein processing, secretion, pheromone processing, and the upregulation of conjugation with cellular fusion. The gene has been linked to spore formation, pseudohyphal growth, mitotic recombination, mRNA processing, and the cellular osmotic response. AnKEX2 localises to the Golgi membrane, trans-Golgi network, and cell membrane. Phenotypic associations include abnormal mating response, filamentous growth, and spore germination, as well as decreased cell fusion, pheromone production, and shmoo formation, alongside increased alkaline pH resistance. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to reduced virulence and sensitivity to zinc, acid, and oxidative stress.