GRX3 — Fusarium graminearum PH-1

Summary

FgGRX3 (GRX3) on chromosome 1 of Fusarium graminearum PH-1 encodes a monothiol glutaredoxin with a PICOT-like domain, possessing disulfide oxidoreductase, glutathione disulfide oxidoreductase, protein-disulfide reductase, and protein sequestering activities, along with 2Fe-2S cluster and metal binding. The gene is associated with iron‑sulfur cluster assembly (both 4Fe-4S and 2Fe-2S), cellular iron ion homeostasis, nitric oxide storage, deubiquitination, and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Its product localises to the cytoplasm, cytosol, nucleus, and mitochondrial lumen. Phenotypic associations include abnormal colony color, delayed or absent pexophagy, decreased chitin deposition, increased meiotic recombination, decreased utilization of iron sources, and altered cell cycle progression through G1 and G2/M phases. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to oxidative stress response and phosphate content.