ATG10 — Verticillium dahliae

Summary

VDAG_03183, designated VdATG10, encodes an autophagy-related protein 10 belonging to the Atg3/Atg10 family. The gene product possesses Atg12 conjugating enzyme activity. In Verticillium dahliae, VdATG10 is associated with autophagy, including mitophagy and autophagy of the mitochondrion, as well as protein modification by small protein conjugation and protein transport. It is linked to transdifferentiation and innate immunity. The protein localises to the PAS membrane and cytosol. Studies of related genes in other species, including Verticillium nonalfalfae and various Fusarium species, connect the family to similar autophagy-related processes, though these associations are not yet established for VdATG10 itself.