HY3 (LSAT_V11C700355140) — Lactuca sativa

Summary

LsHY3, encoded by the gene LSAT_V11C700355140 on chromosome 7 of garden lettuce (Lactuca sativa), is a phytochrome family protein containing domains characteristic of phytochrome photoreceptors, including PHY_dom, GAF, PAS, and histidine kinase domains. It is associated with tetrapyrrole binding and has been linked to numerous biological processes, including regulation of response to red or far-red light, detection of light, and positive regulation of the phytochrome signaling pathway. The gene is connected to a wide range of agronomically relevant traits, such as grain yield, leaf area, plant dry weight, chlorophyll ratio, photoperiod sensitivity, and responses to far-red and blue light. Additionally, LsHY3 is associated with phenotypes including shoot regeneration, chlorophyll accumulation, anthocyanin synthesis, and tolerance to cold, drought, and heat stress. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to flowering time, fruit ripening, tuberization, and stress resistance.