GAD — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD3BV1G274810, designated TtGAD1 on durum wheat chromosome 3B, encodes a glutamate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15) with pyridoxal phosphate-dependent decarboxylase and transferase domains, exhibiting glutamate decarboxylase, sphinganine-1-phosphate aldolase, pyridoxal phosphate-binding and calmodulin-binding activities. The gene is associated with the GABA shunt, glutamate and sphingolipid breakdown, carboxylic acid metabolism, mRNA transcription, seed germination, water response and homeostasis. Its product localises to the cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum and ER membrane. TtGAD1 is linked to grain filling period, growth stage, germination rate and photosynthetic rate. Studies of related genes in other species connect it to grain yield, grain length, protein and sugar content, as well as tolerance to drought, cold, salinity and submergence.