ARD — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD4AV1G008910 (TtARD) on durum wheat chromosome 4A encodes a protein with acireductone dioxygenase (Ni²⁺-requiring) activity and acireductone dioxygenase (Fe²⁺-requiring) activity, and is also annotated as a transcriptional co-regulator and with peroxidase activity. The gene is associated with photosynthetic NADP⁺ reduction, photosystem I stabilization, cell redox homeostasis, H₂O₂ catabolic process, and methionine metabolism. It is linked to chloroplast thylakoid and photosystem I localization, as well as the heterotrimeric G-protein complex. TtARD is associated with heading time, seed yield, leaf morphology, seedling growth and development, high temperature stress response, drought tolerance, fungal disease resistance, and ethylene sensitivity. Related genes in other species link the family to submergence adaptation, salt tolerance, root architecture, thiamin biosynthesis, and viral defense.