GAD — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD4AV1G028990 (symbol GAD, preferred name TtGAD) on durum wheat chromosome 4A encodes a glutamate decarboxylase with pyridoxal phosphate-dependent decarboxylase and transferase domains, exhibiting glutamate decarboxylase, calmodulin-binding, calcium ion-binding, and protein homodimerization activities. The gene is associated with the GABA shunt, glutamate breakdown, sphingolipid breakdown, response to water, cellular response to nitrogen starvation, seed germination, mechanical stimulus response, and mRNA transcription. It localizes to the cytosol, ER membrane, plastid, mitochondria, nucleus, and plasmodesma. Associations include shoot growth angle, germination rate, root development, leaf senescence, flowering time, abscisic acid sensitivity, jasmonic acid content, stomatal closure, drought tolerance, heat stress tolerance, water-use efficiency, bacterial pathogen resistance, and salt tolerance. Related genes in other species link the family to hypoxia response, herbivory resistance, thigmomorphogenesis, and stress tolerance.