CHS — Phaseolus vulgaris

Summary

PHAVU_002G184300 (PvCHS) on chromosome 2 of French bean encodes a chalcone synthase, a type-III polyketide synthase with chalcone/stilbene synthase domains. The gene is associated with multiple enzyme activities including chalcone isomerase, naringenin-chalcone synthase, dihydroflavanol 4-reductase, flavanone 4-reductase, flavonol synthase, acyltransferase, SUMO transferase, and kinase binding. It is linked to the biosynthesis of chalcones, polyketides, flavonols, isoflavonoids, anthocyanins, and phenylpropanoids, as well as responses to UV-B, oxidative stress, gravity, and heat acclimation. The protein localizes to the cytosol, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and tonoplast. PvCHS has been connected to seed coat color and pigmentation, anthocyanin content, drought tolerance, salt stress tolerance, nitrogen recycling, root morphology, flowering time, stomatal opening, and resistance to root-knot and cyst nematodes. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to flavonoid production, UV-B sensitivity, and phenylpropanoid pathway activity.