AMY1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.6HG0617470 (HvAMY1) on barley chromosome 6H encodes an alpha-amylase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.1) with a glycoside hydrolase 13 catalytic domain, and is also annotated with SUMO transferase activity, SUMO binding, kinase binding, calcium ion binding, and protein binding. The gene is associated with seed germination, endosperm development, embryo development ending in seed dormancy, response to gibberellin and abscisic acid, sucrose breakdown, sumoylation, and carbohydrate metabolism. It localises to the apoplast, chloroplast stroma, cytosol, nucleus, and extracellular region. HvAMY1 is linked to grain filling period, reproductive period, seed size, flowering time, abscisic acid sensitivity, grain chalkiness, starch degradation, stomatal opening, osmotic stress tolerance, and heat stress response. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to alpha-amylase activity, grain dry weight, starch content, and submergence and drought stress responses.