AMY1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.6HG0617480 (HvAMY1) on barley chromosome 6H encodes an alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) with a glycoside hydrolase 13 catalytic domain. The gene is associated with seed germination, endosperm development, embryo development ending in seed dormancy, and responses to gibberellin and abscisic acid. It is linked to sucrose breakdown, sumoylation, and carbohydrate metabolism, and its product localises to the apoplast, chloroplast stroma, cytosol, nucleus, and extracellular space. Associations include grain filling period, reproductive period, seed size, flowering time, abscisic acid sensitivity, grain chalkiness, starch degradation, stomatal opening, osmotic stress tolerance, and heat stress response. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to transitory starch breakdown and osmotic stress response, and to alpha-amylase activity, submergence and drought stress responses, and seed starch content.