AMY1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.6HG0617450 (HvAMY1) on barley chromosome 6H encodes an alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), a glycoside hydrolase family 13 protein. The gene is associated with seed germination, endosperm development, embryo development ending in seed dormancy, and responses to gibberellin and abscisic acid. It is linked to sucrose breakdown, sumoylation, and carbohydrate metabolism. The protein localises to the apoplast, chloroplast stroma, cytosol, nucleus, and extracellular space. HvAMY1 is associated with grain filling period, reproductive period, seed size, flowering time, and abscisic acid sensitivity. Associations with grain chalkiness, starch degradation, osmotic stress tolerance, stomatal opening, and heat stress response have also been noted. Studies of related genes in other species link the alpha-amylase family to alpha-amylase activity, grain dry weight, starch concentration, submergence and drought stress responses, and flowering time.