BAL — Arabidopsis thaliana

Summary

AT4G16890, also known as SNC1 (SUPPRESSOR OF NPR1-1, CONSTITUTIVE 1) or BAL, encodes a protein containing leucine-rich repeat, TIR, NB-ARC, and other domains characteristic of plant disease resistance proteins. The product is annotated with ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase, lipase, and ubiquitin ligase activities, and binds ATP, mRNA, and small GTPases. SNC1 is associated with autoimmunity, plant defense responses, and salicylic acid signaling, with observed phenotypes including dwarfism, curled leaves, enhanced disease resistance, and growth inhibition. The gene is linked to numerous traits including bacterial disease response, biomass yield, seed yield, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, root morphology, and responses to high and low temperature stress. SNC1 localizes to the nucleus, stress granules, and the apoplast, and is associated with ground tissue patterning, regulation of protein stability, and cell cycle control. Related genes in other species are linked to powdery mildew and downy mildew resistance.