SOD2 — Verticillium dahliae

Summary

VDAG_09837 (SOD2, VdSOD2) encodes a mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) with superoxide dismutase activity and manganese binding capacity, belonging to the Mn/Fe superoxide dismutase family. In Verticillium dahliae, this gene is associated with evasion or tolerance of host-produced AOS, removal of O2-, detoxification, oxidative phosphorylation, morphogenesis, and homeostasis. It localizes to the mitochondrial lumen, mitochondria, and cytosol. The gene is linked to photosynthetic rate and numerous phenotypes including altered carbon utilization, protein activity, chemical compound accumulation, polyploidy, anaerobic growth, fermentative growth, necrotic cell death, mating type switching, respiratory metabolism, hydrostatic pressure resistance, nucleophagy, freeze-thaw resistance, cell cycle progression, stationary phase entry, ribophagy, mitochondrial transport, pheromone sensitivity, radiation resistance, spore wall formation, and septum formation. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to oxidative stress response and sodium, manganese, and phosphate content.