HY3 — Nicotiana attenuata

Summary

A4A49_55972 (HY3/PHYE) in coyote tobacco (Nicotiana attenuata) encodes a phytochrome photoreceptor, containing PAS, GAF, and histidine kinase dimerisation domains, and is annotated with tetrapyrrole binding and multiple additional molecular functions. The gene is associated with the regulation of responses to red or far-red light, positive regulation of phytochrome signalling, and protein–bilin linkage. It has been linked to a wide range of agronomic traits including grain yield, panicle number, flower diameter, fruit set, leaf area, plant dry weight, vegetative vigour, chlorophyll ratio, photoperiod sensitivity, and responses to light quality, copper, glyphosate, and plant hormones. Associations also extend to phenotypes such as delayed flowering, shoot regeneration, drought and cold stress responses, disease resistance, anthocyanin synthesis, and nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus utilisation. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to fruit ripening, tuberisation, carotenoid accumulation, and herbivore defence.