PAL — Nicotiana attenuata

Summary

A4A49_26864 (PAL3) on chromosome 10 of coyote tobacco (Nicotiana attenuata) encodes a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.24) with ammonia-lyase and protein dimerization activities, and also carries DNA-binding transcription factor activity. The gene is associated with floral scent production and herbivore defense responses observed in this species. It is linked to phenylpropanoid and salicylate biosynthesis pathways, and to processes including L-phenylalanine breakdown, cinnamic acid anabolism, lignin breakdown, cell wall thickening, guard cell fate commitment, drought recovery, and response to UV-B and low humidity. Associations also include disease resistance, wound response, anthocyanin accumulation, and tolerance to salt stress, freezing, chilling, copper stress, and UV-B light. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to herbivore defense, methyl salicylate production, and chlorogenic acid accumulation.