CHS — Nicotiana attenuata

Summary

A4A49_01909 (symbol CHS, preferred name PKSA) on coyote tobacco chromosome 1 encodes a type III polyketide synthase with chalcone/stilbene synthase domains and exhibits naringenin-chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, flavanone 4-reductase, flavonol synthase, and tetraketide alpha-pyrone synthase activities. The gene is associated with chalcone, polyketide, flavonoid, anthocyanin, phenylpropanoid, and auxin biosynthesis, as well as pollen wall assembly, pigmentation, response to UV and gravity, pistil development, and post-transcriptional gene silencing. It has been linked to flower color, anthocyanin content, seed size, cytoplasmic male sterility, photosynthetic and respiration rates, stomatal opening, root morphology and phototropism, flowering time, and tolerance to salt, drought, oxidative stress, UV-B, and high-intensity light. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to pollen exine development, male fertility, sporopollenin biosynthesis, and seed coat pigmentation.