PAL — Brachypodium distachyon

Summary

BRADI_3G48840V3 (BdPAL) on chromosome 3 encodes a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.24) with tyrosine ammonia-lyase activity, a member of the aromatic lyase family. The enzyme is associated with phenylpropanoid and salicylate biosynthesis, lignin and cinnamic acid metabolism, and auxin anabolism. BdPAL is linked to drought recovery, response to water and low humidity, guard cell fate commitment, and negative regulation of cytokinin mediated signalling. It is associated with ferulic acid and lignin content, photosynthetic rate, UV light sensitivity, and IAA content. The gene is linked to pathogen resistance, defense response, salt stress tolerance, freezing tolerance, anthocyanin accumulation, flavonoid biosynthesis, and herbicide resistance. Studies of related genes in other species link the PAL family to bacterial blight and sheath blight resistance, root-knot nematode resistance, UV stress tolerance, and chlorogenic acid accumulation.