PAL — Brachypodium distachyon

Summary

BRADI_3G49280V3 (BdPAL) on chromosome 3 of Brachypodium distachyon encodes a protein with phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, tyrosine ammonia-lyase and ammonia-lyase activities, and also DNA-binding transcription factor activity. The enzyme is associated with phenylpropanoid, lignin, salicylic acid, cinnamic acid and ethylene biosynthesis, as well as salicylic acid and lignin breakdown. It is linked to drought recovery, guard cell fate commitment, negative regulation of cytokinin signalling, and responses to low humidity and UV light. Associations include photosynthetic rate, IAA content, pathogen resistance, salt stress tolerance, freezing tolerance, and resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus. The protein localises to the cytosol, cytoplasm, nucleus and SCF complex. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to traits such as bacterial blight resistance, stem strength, forage yield, and flavonoid content.