H4 — Brachypodium distachyon

Summary

BdH4 (BRADI_3G51930V3) on chromosome 3 of Brachypodium distachyon encodes a histone H4 protein, a core structural constituent of chromatin with histone-fold and CENP-T/H4 domains. It is associated with histone acetylase, deacetylase, methylase, and PRMT activities, as well as DNA and protein binding. The gene has been linked to nucleosome assembly, chromatin remodeling, telomeric silencing, and the regulation of flowering time, including photoperiodism and the transition from vegetative to reproductive phase. It is also connected to seed maturation, endosperm development, somatic embryogenesis, secondary shoot formation, regeneration, and responses to UV-B and temperature stress. Associations extend to traits such as bacterial blight resistance, stem senescence, shoot branching, leaf morphology, root development, seed growth, and salt tolerance. The protein localizes to the nucleolus, thylakoid, chloroplast envelope, and various chromatin-associated complexes.