PAL — Brachypodium distachyon

Summary

BRADI_3G49260V3 (BdPAL) on chromosome 3 encodes a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase with phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, tyrosine ammonia-lyase, and ammonia-lyase activities, and also exhibits DNA-binding transcription factor activity. The enzyme is associated with phenylpropanoid, lignin, salicylic acid, and ethylene biosynthesis, as well as L-phenylalanine and salicylic acid breakdown, cinnamic acid anabolism, and lignin breakdown. BdPAL is associated with drought recovery, response to low humidity, guard cell fate commitment, and negative regulation of cytokinin-mediated signaling. The gene is associated with photosynthetic rate, IAA content, UV light sensitivity, and numerous stress and defense responses including pathogen resistance, salt stress tolerance, freezing tolerance, and herbicide resistance. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to traits such as bacterial blight resistance, stem strength, and forage yield.