HSR3 — Arabidopsis thaliana

Summary

AT3G22370 (HSR3, AOX1A) in Arabidopsis thaliana encodes an alternative oxidase (AOX) family protein with ubiquinol:oxygen oxidoreductase and alternative oxidase activity, localised to the mitochondrial inner membrane. This gene is associated with photoprotection, environmental stress tolerance, and photosynthesis under high light, as well as alternative pathway respiration and photoinhibition. It is linked to plant performance, shoot growth, cold tolerance, and growth under low-nitrogen stress and ammonium nutrition. Additional associations include mitochondrial retrograde regulation of gene expression, response to rotenone and antimycin A, heat dissipation, downregulation of photosynthesis, and the xanthophyll cycle. The gene is also connected to traits such as cyanide content, variegated leaf, carbohydrate content, leaf relative water content, water stress response, biomass yield, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, herbicide sensitivity, quantum yield, carotenoid content, starch content, nitrate uptake, salt response, protein content, photosynthetic rate, seed dormancy, low temperature stress response, root thickness, disease tolerance, and photochemical quenching.