HD3A — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD7BV1G003900 (HD3A, also known as TtRFT1, TtVRN3, RFT1, or VRN3) on durum wheat chromosome 7B encodes a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein belonging to the PEBP family. The gene is associated with the regulation of flowering time, photoperiodism, and the transition from vegetative to reproductive phase, as well as responses to short-day conditions and vernalization. It has been linked to traits including anthesis time, maturity time, grain filling period, spike length, node number, plant vegetative period, and grain yield. The product localizes to the cytoplasm, nucleus, and endoplasmic reticulum. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to heading date, floral development, grain traits, and agronomic characteristics such as spike weight and peduncle length.