GAD — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD4BV1G140320 (TtGAD) on durum wheat chromosome 4B encodes a glutamate decarboxylase with pyridoxal phosphate-dependent decarboxylase and transferase domains, exhibiting glutamate decarboxylase, sphinganine-1-phosphate aldolase, calmodulin-binding, calcium-binding, and pyridoxal phosphate-binding activities. The gene is associated with the GABA shunt, glutamate breakdown, sphingolipid breakdown, mRNA transcription, seed germination, and responses to water, mechanical stimuli, and calcium ion detection. It localizes to the ER membrane, cytosol, nucleus, plastid, mitochondria, and plasmodesmata. Associations include shoot growth angle, germination rate, root development, leaf senescence, flowering time, jasmonic acid content, abscisic acid sensitivity, stomatal closure, drought tolerance, heat stress tolerance, water-use efficiency, bacterial pathogen resistance, and salt tolerance. Related genes in other species link it to hypoxia response, cold and salinity tolerance, herbivory resistance, and grain yield traits.