GAD — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD4AV1G190450 (TtGAD) on durum wheat chromosome 4A encodes a glutamate decarboxylase with pyridoxal phosphate-dependent decarboxylase and transferase domains, exhibiting glutamate decarboxylase, calmodulin-binding, and calcium-ion-binding activities. The gene is associated with the GABA shunt, glutamate and sphingolipid breakdown, seed germination, response to water, nitrogen starvation, and mechanical stimuli. It has been linked to shoot growth angle, stomatal closure time, germination rate, root development, leaf senescence, flowering time, abscisic acid sensitivity, jasmonic acid content, and salt tolerance. Localisation evidence connects the product to the cytosol, ER membrane, plastid, mitochondria, nucleus, and plasmodesmata. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to hypoxia response, cold and salinity tolerance, herbivory resistance, and grain yield traits.