P5CS — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD3BV1G205350 (symbol TtP5CS) on durum wheat chromosome 3B encodes a bifunctional enzyme with glutamate 5-kinase (EC 2.7.2.11) and glutamylphosphate reductase (EC 1.2.1.41) activities, catalysing the first two steps of proline biosynthesis. The gene is associated with proline metabolism, L-proline biosynthesis, and responses to desiccation, salt, hyperosmotic salinity, oxidative stress, and abscisic acid. It has been linked to drought tolerance in durum wheat, as well as to traits including salinity tolerance, photosynthetic rate, respiration rate, grain filling period, and flowering time. The encoded protein localises to the cytoplasm, mitochondria, Golgi complex, and plasmodesmata. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to osmotic stress tolerance, drought resistance, heat tolerance, and root elongation under low water potential.