AP1 — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD2BV1G128790 (symbol AP1, also known as TtAP1, SOC1, and VRN1) on durum wheat chromosome 2B encodes a MADS-box transcription factor containing MADS-box and K-box domains. It binds DNA and regulates transcription by RNA polymerase II, acting as both a transcription factor and a corepressor. The gene is associated with the regulation of flowering time, the vegetative-to-reproductive phase transition, and vernalization response. It is linked to floral meristem identity, inflorescence architecture, and floral organ development, including petal, sepal, and stamen morphology. Associations extend to grain weight, heading date, seed development, and yield-related traits. The gene is also connected to responses to abiotic stresses such as drought and high temperature, as well as to auxin transport regulation, root meristem size, and chloroplast development.