P5CS — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD1AV1G174960 (symbol P5CS, TtP5CS) on durum wheat chromosome 1A encodes a bifunctional enzyme with glutamate 5-kinase (EC 2.7.2.11) and glutamylphosphate reductase (EC 1.2.1.41) activities, known as delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase. This gene is associated with proline biosynthesis, the response to desiccation, salt and oxidative stress, abscisic acid signalling, and the transition from vegetative to reproductive phase. It has been linked to drought tolerance in durum wheat, and to traits including grain filling period, photosynthetic rate, respiration rate, and salinity tolerance. The encoded protein localises to the cytoplasm, mitochondria, Golgi complex and plasmodesmata. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to osmotic stress tolerance, root elongation under low water potential, and heat tolerance.