GAD — Sorghum bicolor

Summary

SORBI_3001G443800 (SbGAD) on sorghum chromosome 1 encodes a glutamate decarboxylase with pyridoxal phosphate-dependent decarboxylase and transferase domains. The enzyme exhibits glutamate decarboxylase, sphinganine-1-phosphate aldolase, and carboxy-lyase activities, binds calmodulin, calcium ions, and pyridoxal phosphate, and localizes to the cytosol, ER membrane, plastid, mitochondria, nucleus, and plasmodesmata. SbGAD is associated with glutamate and sphingolipid breakdown, the TCA cycle, nitrogen starvation response, calcium ion detection, mechanical stimulus response, detoxification, and secondary metabolism. The gene is linked to grain yield, shoot growth angle, flowering time, leaf senescence, root development, seed growth, stomatal closure, abscisic acid sensitivity, jasmonic acid content, drought tolerance, heat stress tolerance, water-use efficiency, bacterial pathogen resistance, and salt tolerance. Related genes in other species are linked to hypoxia response, phosphorus deprivation tolerance, herbivory resistance, and thigmomorphogenesis.