CCD1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.4HG0336120, symbol CCD1 and also known as HvCCD1 or HvNCED1, encodes a carotenoid dioxygenase with 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase activity and metal binding, placing it in the Carotenoid_Oase family. In barley, this gene is associated with abscisic acid accumulation, seed dormancy, drought response, and pre-harvest sprouting. It is linked to carotenoid and xanthophyll breakdown, abscisic acid and gibberellin metabolism, stomatal closure, anther development, fruit ripening, and salt response. The protein localises to the chloroplast thylakoid membrane, stroma, cytosol, and other compartments. Associations also include abscisic acid concentration, leaf relative water content, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and flavonoid content. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to β-ionone emission, herbivore resistance, carotenoid cleavage, seed germination, drought tolerance, and alkali stress tolerance.