ADH — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.4HG0345740 (HvADH) on barley chromosome 4H encodes an alcohol dehydrogenase with S-nitrosoglutathione reductase, S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase, and aldo-keto reductase activities, and binds zinc and calcium. The gene is associated with ethanol fermentation, cellular responses to hypoxia and flooding, methanal metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism. It has been linked to grain yield, grain dry weight, seed size, protein content, germination rate, photosynthetic rate, leaf senescence, and responses to drought, low temperature, salt, and disease. Associations also include submergence, waterlogging, and hypoxia tolerance, aldehyde detoxification, herbicide sensitivity, and root growth. The product localises to the cytosol, plastid, mitochondria, nucleus, and plasma membrane. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to hypoxia, dehydration, and cold stress responses, as well as formaldehyde detoxification and nitric oxide signaling.