ADH — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.4HG0345760, designated HvADH, encodes an alcohol dehydrogenase on barley chromosome 4H. The enzyme exhibits S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (NADH) activity, S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity, and aldo-keto reductase activity, and binds calcium and zinc. HvADH is associated with ethanol fermentation, activation of cellular response to hypoxic stress, methanal metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism. It has been linked to grain yield, grain dry weight, seed size, germination rate, protein content, photosynthetic rate, leaf senescence, drought tolerance, low temperature stress response, disease tolerance, and herbicide sensitivity. The gene is also connected to submergence tolerance, waterlogging tolerance, hypoxia resistance, cold stress tolerance, salt stress response, and stomatal closure. The protein localises to the cytosol, plastid, mitochondria, nucleus, and plasmalemma.