CKX1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.3HG0244570 (HvCKX1) on barley chromosome 3H encodes a cytokinin dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.99.12) with FAD binding and oxidoreductase activity. The gene is associated with cytokinin breakdown, signaling, and homeostasis, as well as meristem, inflorescence, and seed development. Observed phenotypes in barley include effects on root surface area and root hair number. HvCKX1 is linked to traits such as tiller number, plant height, flowering time, photosynthetic rate, leaf morphology, chloroplast development, and disease tolerance. The gene is also associated with root system architecture, grain number, seed size, drought and heat tolerance, and biomass production. Related genes in other species link the cytokinin dehydrogenase family to grain yield, root and shoot development, salinity tolerance, and photosynthesis.