GS1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.1HG0040860 (GS1, HvGS1) on barley chromosome 1H encodes a protein with riboflavin kinase activity (EC 2.7.1.26), FMN adenylyltransferase activity, and sugar-phosphatase/sn-glycerol 3-phosphatase activity. The protein contains riboflavin kinase and haloacid dehalogenase-like domains and localises to the cytosol, mitochondria and plasma membrane. In barley, GS1 is associated with salt stress response, nitrogen utilisation, leaf senescence, seed and root development, and the biosynthesis of FMN, glycerol, riboflavin and amino acids. The gene is linked to grain filling period, protein content and grain yield. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to osmotic, salt and oxidative stress tolerance, and to grain weight, grain number, spikelet number, tiller number, plant height, chlorophyll content, amylose content, nitrogen recycling and flag leaf senescence.