CKX1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.1HG0044470 (HvCKX1) on barley chromosome 1H encodes a cytokinin dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.99.12), a FAD-binding oxidoreductase that catalyses cytokinin breakdown. The gene is associated with cytokinin metabolism and homeostasis, meristem development, seed development, immune and defence responses, and stomatal complex morphogenesis. In barley, HvCKX1 has been linked to root surface area and root hair number. It is also associated with traits including tiller number, plant height, root length, leaf morphology, photosynthetic rate, flowering time, chloroplast development, and disease tolerance. The encoded protein is predicted to localise to plastids, chloroplast envelopes, the ER, vacuole, cytosol, and nucleus. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to grain number, yield, root growth, salinity tolerance, and photosynthesis.