PAP5 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.1HG0061970 (HvPAP5, also known as HvSAG12) on barley chromosome 1H encodes a papain-like cysteine peptidase with thiol endopeptidase activity. The gene is associated with programmed cell death, floral organ senescence, and proteolysis, as well as responses to fructose, glucose, sucrose, UV-B, and multiple hormones including gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, and auxin. It is associated with the mevalonate and methylerythritol phosphate pathways, defence response to fungi, and localisation to senescence-associated vacuoles, aleurone bodies, lysosomes, and protein storage vacuoles. Associations with grain filling period, photosynthetic rate, leaf senescence, seed yield, nitrogen remobilization, drought resistance, and flooding tolerance have been observed. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to developmental senescence, cadmium-induced programmed cell death, and bacterial resistance.