ARF — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.1HG0070060, designated HvARF, encodes a member of the ADP-ribosylation factor family of small GTPases, possessing GTPase activity, GTP binding, phospholipase activator activity, and G protein activity. The protein localises to the Golgi complex and cytoplasm. In barley, HvARF is associated with ARF protein signal transduction, intracellular protein transport, vesicle transport, autophagy, callus formation, regeneration, embryogenesis, microsporogenesis, pollen development, protein phosphorylation, and response to thirst. The gene is linked to grain size and callus induction, as well as IAA content. Studies of related genes in other species connect the ARF family to diverse agronomic traits including grain yield, grain weight, grain number, seed size, plant height, tiller number, spikelet number, anthesis time, salinity tolerance, cold tolerance, drought tolerance, stripe rust resistance, chlorophyll content, starch content, and protein content.