PSY — Daucus carota subsp. sativus

Summary

DCAR_010057 (PSY, PSY-2) on carrot chromosome 3 encodes a protein with phytoene synthase activity (EC 2.5.1.32), squalene synthase activity, dimethylallyltransferase activity, and farnesyltranstransferase activity, belonging to the trans-isoprenyl diphosphate synthase family. This gene is associated with carotenoid and carotene anabolism, lycopene anabolism, monoterpene biosynthesis, hormone anabolism, isoprenoid anabolism, and carotenoid breakdown, as well as chromoplast and chloroplast organization, photoprotection, photomorphogenesis, de-etiolation, shade avoidance, secondary growth, and PTGS. It localizes to plastids, chloroplast membranes, etioplasts, chromoplast stroma, mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus. Associations include root color, alpha carotene and carotene content, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, respiration rate, flowering time, fruit growth and development, ethylene sensitivity, cell elongation, parasitic weed response, and drought tolerance. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to fruit carotenoid content, ripening, pigmentation, abscisic acid production, and stress tolerance.