HEL — Daucus carota subsp. sativus

Summary

DCAR_010117 (DcHEL, also known as DcPR4A, DcPR4B, DcWIN1, and DcWIN2) on carrot chromosome 3 encodes a protein of the PR4 family, containing a Barwin domain and a RlpA-like superfamily fold. The product exhibits RNA nuclease, hydrolase, and transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase activities, binds chitin, sugars, and proteins, and localises to secretory vesicles, the extracellular region, and the plasma membrane. DcHEL is associated with defence responses to bacteria, fungi, viruses, and herbivores, as well as systemic acquired resistance, immune response, hypersensitive response-programmed cell death, and ethylene, auxin, and brassinosteroid signalling. It is linked to phloem transport, leaf vascular tissue pattern formation, and traits including leaf vein morphology, pathogen resistance (including to Botrytis cinerea), salt tolerance, and premature leaf senescence.