DML1 — Arabidopsis thaliana

Summary

AT2G36490, also known as DML1, ROS1 or REPRESSOR OF SILENCING1 in Arabidopsis thaliana, encodes a DNA glycosylase (EC 4.2.99.18) with DNA demethylase activity, belonging to the DME/ROS1 family. The enzyme is associated with active DNA demethylation, transcriptional gene silencing, and the chromosomal 5-methylcytosine DNA demethylation pathway. DML1 has been linked to numerous traits including seed size, seed dormancy, flowering time, stem length, leaf number and size, root morphology, heterosis, self-incompatibility, herbicide sensitivity, cytokinin content, oxidative stress response, high and low temperature stress tolerance, disease tolerance, and photochemical quenching. The protein localises to the nucleus, nucleolus, apoplast, and chloroplast stroma, and is associated with RNA polymerase IV and V complexes, DNA imprinting, siRNA-mediated gene silencing, and phytoalexin biosynthesis.