ADH — Arabidopsis thaliana

Summary

AT1G77120 (ADH, ADH1) encodes a protein with alcohol dehydrogenase domains and exhibits NAD⁺-dependent ethanol dehydrogenase, aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP⁺), enone reductase, 2-alkenal reductase (NADPH), cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase, and aldo-keto reductase (NAD) activities, along with nucleotide binding, protein homodimerization, and zinc binding. In Arabidopsis, ADH1 is associated with resistance to salt, cold, drought, and pathogen stress, as well as submergence tolerance, waterlogging tolerance, hypoxia resistance, and herbicide tolerance. It is linked to ethanol fermentation, anaerobic respiration, response to hypoxia, and phylloquinone and vitamin A biosynthesis. The protein localises to the cytosol, nucleus, chloroplast, thylakoid, and apoplast. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to lignin accumulation, fruit aroma, hypoxia tolerance, and oxidative stress tolerance.