ACS2 — Arabidopsis thaliana

Summary

AT1G01480 (ACS2) on chromosome 1 of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (EC 4.4.1.14), a pyridoxal phosphate-binding enzyme. The gene is associated with ethylene production under cadmium stress, seed maturity, seed germination under salinity, callose deposition, and stomatal clustering. It is linked to chlorophyll breakdown, regulation of abscisic acid-mediated signaling, MAPK cascades, autophagy, TOR signaling, and responses to gravity, mechanical stimulus, and nitrogen or potassium starvation. The product localizes to the cytosol, plastid, mitochondria, plasmalemma, plasmodesma, Golgi, vacuole, and cell wall. Associations with agronomic traits include grain size, seed yield, vegetative vigor, submergence tolerance, photosynthetic rate, ethylene sensitivity, and resistance to Verticillium wilt and powdery mildew. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to fruit ripening, sex determination, and disease resistance.