HMA4 — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD6AV1G060190, also known as TtHMA4, encodes a heavy metal ATPase 5 protein on durum wheat chromosome 6A. The product possesses P-type divalent copper transporter activity and cadmium exporting ATPase activity, and is associated with copper ion transport, cellular copper ion homeostasis, and detoxification of copper ions. The gene has been linked to copper sensitivity, drought tolerance, oxidative stress response, leaf senescence, root morphology, flowering time, and germination rate. It is also connected to viral resistance, copper accumulation, and ethylene signaling. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to histone methylation, transcriptional activation, and dehydration stress response, and to grain yield, grain iron and zinc content, and heading date.