HYD1 — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD3AV1G022680 (HYD1, also known as MAD4) on durum wheat chromosome 3A encodes a protein with C-8 sterol isomerase and steroid D-isomerase activities, belonging to the EBP/EXPERA domain family. The gene is associated with sterol anabolism, carotenoid metabolism and anabolism, photoprotection, and cold acclimation. Its product localizes to the ER membrane and nucleus. HYD1 is linked to multiple traits including lutein, zeaxanthin, carotene, carotenoid, and chlorophyll content, as well as spike length and plant height. It is associated with embryonic cell patterning, root patterning and growth, vascular tissue development, stomatal development, cellulose biosynthesis, and cell wall integrity. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to spikelet number and root thickness.