SS1 — Sorghum bicolor

Summary

SORBI_3010G047700, designated SbSS1 on sorghum chromosome 10, encodes a starch synthase that localises to the amyloplast, chloroplast stroma and plastid, and is associated with alpha-1,4-glucan glucosyltransferase activity (EC 2.4.1.21). This gene is associated with amylopectin and starch anabolism, endosperm development, and nitrogen storage. SbSS1 has been linked to grain weight, protein content, amylose content, starch granule formation, amylopectin chain length and synthesis, nematode resistance, and heading and flowering dates. Studies of related genes in other species connect the SS1 family to starch cool paste viscosity, gelatinization temperature, grain appearance, texture, size, shape, number and yield, seed length, weight, shattering and dormancy, floury endosperm, leaf dimensions, plant height, days to maturity, cold tolerance, chlorophyll and sucrose content, and altered starch composition with increased amylose and modified amylopectin structure.