B1 — Solanum tuberosum

Summary

PGSC0003DMG400010169 (symbol B1, also known as BCH1) on potato chromosome 3 encodes a beta-carotene 3-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.15.24) with iron-binding and hydrolase activity, belonging to the fatty acid hydroxylase and BETA-OHase-like families. The gene is associated with carotene metabolism, xanthophyll anabolism, carotenoid metabolism, localization, meiosis, pigmentation, carotenoid anabolism, secondary metabolism, anthocyanin anabolism, and nitric oxide storage. It localizes to the chloroplast membrane. The gene is linked to traits including carotenoid content and self-incompatibility, and to phenotypes such as nonphotochemical quenching, tuber flesh color, flower pigmentation, carotenoid accumulation, altered carotenoid profile in seeds with increased beta-carotene-derived xanthophylls, carotenoid hydroxylation, seed germination, carotenoid biosynthesis, carotenoid synthesis, intermediate seed carotenoid levels with higher lutein, altered leaf carotenoid profile with increased β-carotene and zeinoxanthin, tuber carotenoid content, reduced seed carotenoids with increased beta-carotene levels, and dramatic carotenoid composition changes with doubled beta-carotene levels. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to additional traits including pericarp color, xanthophyll content, zeaxanthin content, plant fresh weight, root color, fruit diameter, flower color, carotene content, lycopene content, fruit color