P — Solanum tuberosum

Summary

PGSC0003DMG400000425, the P gene on potato chromosome 11, encodes a cytochrome P450 enzyme with flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase activity (EC 1.14.14.81) and also annotated as a terpene synthase. The protein localises to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. This gene is associated with pigmentation, including regulation of anthocyanin anabolism, anthocyanin pigmentation, anthocyanin biosynthesis, kaempferol accumulation, flower color, leaf color, and anthocyanin content. It is linked to flavonoid, phenylpropanoid, carotenoid, and wax metabolism, as well as response to herbivore. Associations extend to agronomic traits such as starch yield, amylopectin content, plant height, stem diameter, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal resistance, respiration rate, and drought tolerance. Studies of related genes in other species, including F3'5'H and CYP75, connect the family to flavonoid hydroxylation.