CHS — Oryza sativa Japonica

Summary

OS11G0530600, designated CHS in rice (Oryza sativa Japonica) on chromosome 11, encodes a chalcone synthase (EC 2.3.1.74) with naringenin-chalcone synthase activity, belonging to the polyketide synthase type-III family. This gene is associated with flavonoid, anthocyanin, and lignin biosynthesis, as well as serotonin and triterpenoid metabolism, sporopollenin biosynthesis, pollen wall assembly, anther development, and double fertilization. It has been linked to traits including flavonoid, anthocyanin, lignin, starch, and monosaccharide content, leaf color, chlorophyll content, grain weight, root length, germination rate, seed dormancy, heat tolerance, and turgor pressure. In this species, CHS1 has been observed in connection with homeostasis, fertility, starch, breeding, and flavonoid content, and a sterile phenotype has been described for OSCHS1. Studies of related genes in other species further support the family's involvement in these processes.