CHS — Medicago truncatula

Summary

MTR_1G097910 (MtCHS) encodes a chalcone synthase, a type-III polyketide synthase bearing chalcone/stilbene synthase and thiolase-like domains. The enzyme exhibits naringenin-chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, dihydroflavanol 4-reductase, flavanone 4-reductase, flavonol synthase, and SUMO transferase activities. MtCHS is associated with chalcone, flavonoid, anthocyanin, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, as well as responses to UV-B light, gravity, and auxin polar transport. The gene is linked to fruit and seed coat color, anthocyanin content, drought and salt stress tolerance, root-knot nematode resistance, and flowering time. It localizes to the cytosol, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and tonoplast. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to flavonoid production, UV-B sensitivity, male fertility, and pathogen response.