MS1 — Lactuca sativa

Summary

LsMS1 (MS1) on lettuce chromosome 6 encodes a cobalamin-independent methionine synthase, a member of the MetE family, and also exhibits ADP-glucose pyrophosphatase, ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase, and nucleoside diphosphatase activities. The gene is associated with de novo L-methionine biosynthesis, regulation of starch biosynthesis, DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin assembly, and responses to ozone, oxidative stress, hypoxia, bacteria, insects, and zinc. It is linked to induced systemic resistance, defense response by callose deposition, innate immune signaling, and programmed cell death. Associations with whole plant size, seed growth and development, root morphology, disease tolerance, salt tolerance, and male sterility have been noted. The protein localizes to the chloroplast envelope and stroma, apoplast, vacuole, Golgi, plasmodesmata, mitochondria, cytosol, and plasma membrane. Related genes in other species are linked to pollen exine development, chromatin silencing, and glucosinolate biosynthesis.